Noni Rozaini, Fitrawaty, Arwansyah, Mica Siar Meyriza, Ambrosya
This study aims to examine the impact of life expectancy, literacy rate, calorie consumption, and protein consumption on the Human Development Index (HDI). The analysis utilizes secondary data collected from six provinces on the island of Sumatra over the period 2019 to 2023. Employing a quantitative approach, the study applies panel data regression to investigate the relationship between the selected variables and HDI. The findings reveal that life expectancy and protein consumption each have a significant positive effect on HDI. In contrast, literacy rate does not exhibit a statistically significant effect, as indicated by a significance value of 0.9178. Interestingly, calorie consumption demonstrates a significant negative influence on HDI, with a coefficient of-0.988981. Overall, the four independent variables collectively account for 70.11% of the variation in HDI across the six provinces, while the remaining 29.89% is attributed to other factors not examined in this study. © Noni Rozaini et al.
Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
