Putri Cahaya Situmorang, Syahputra Wibowo, Syafruddin Ilyas, Sony Eka Nugraha, Alexander Patera Nugraha, Diyah Tri Utami, Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman, Rizal Mukra
Cytokine dysregulation plays a central role in DMBA-induced cervical inflammation with neoplastic potential. This study investigated the effects of Gynura procumbens (GB) on key cytokines—IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18—using in vivo and in silico approaches. Female rats treated with DMBA received GB extract at 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg weight. GB at 300 mg/kg significantly suppressed IL-1β and IL-18 (p < 0.01) while restoring IL-10 to near-normal levels. IL-6 expression, reduced by DMBA, was upregulated following GB treatment. Histology revealed reduced epithelial damage and improved regeneration. In silico analysis showed that GB's active compounds, particularly nonanedioic and tetradecanoic acids, had higher binding affinity to IL-10 and IL-18 than cisplatin. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated enhanced protein stability, with RMSF values reduced in IL-18 (from 4.7 Å to ∼2.7 Å) and IL-10 (from 6.2 Å to ∼3.1 Å). These results support the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential of GB for cervical inflammation with neoplastic features. © 2025 The Authors
Departmentof Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacy, School of Vocational, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State Universitu of Medan, Indonesia
