H. Febriani, S. Ilyas, R. Silaban, E. Elimasni
This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and enzyme inhibitory activity of Allium chinense extracts from North Sumatra, Indonesia. The bulbs were extracted using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, and their bioactive compounds were analyzed. Ethanol extraction yielded the highest concentrations of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolics, correlating with strong biological activity. The antioxidant activity, assessed through DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, showed the ethanolic extract exhibiting the highest inhibition at 78.10 ± 0.65% (DPPH) and 86.45 ± 2.65% (ABTS) at 500 µg/mL. Additionally, the ethanolic extract demonstrated the strongest inhibition of α-amylase (80.96 ± 0.71%) and α-glucosidase (84.51 ± 1.49%) at 600 µg/mL, indicating its potential as a natural antidiabetic agent. Statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA confirmed significant effects of extract type and concentration on enzyme inhibition (p < 0.05), while no significant interaction was observed. Tukey’s post-hoc test revealed significant differences between solvent extractions, emphasizing the role of polar solvents in extracting enzyme-inhibiting bioactives. The findings support SDG-3 (Good Health and Well-being) and suggest that A. chinense could be utilized as a functional food ingredient or phytopharmaceutical for diabetes management. Further research is needed to isolate key active compounds, assess their mechanisms of action, and validate their efficacy in vivo. © 2025, Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, c/o Dr. Pratima Sharma. All rights reserved.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
