Teguh Prasetyo, Mirza Pramudia, Mahrus Khoirul Umami, Kusmono, Muhammad Syaiful Fadly, Binsar Maruli Tua Pakpahan
The development of lightweight structural materials with superior mechanical performance has driven the use of sandwich composites manufactured via additive manufacturing (AM). This study aims to analyze the effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) weight fraction variation on the mechanical properties (tensile and flexural tests) and thermal stability (Thermogravimetric Analysis) of honeycomb-core sandwich composites with glass fiber skins fabricated using additive manufacturing and hand lay-up methods, with CaCO3 contents of 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt%. The test results indicate that the tensile strengths were 48.612 MPa, 49.082 MPa, 45.625 MPa, and 36.585 MPa, respectively, while the corresponding flexural strengths were 76.486 MPa, 78.647 MPa, 66.046 MPa, and 43.432 MPa for 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt% CaCO3. An improvement in mechanical strength was observed at 5 wt% CaCO3 addition; however, a significant decline occurred at filler contents ≥ 10 wt%. Morphological observations using SEM revealed particle agglomeration at 10 wt%, which reduced mechanical strength by increasing stress concentration and weakening interfacial bonding. Meanwhile, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) results demonstrated that the incorporation of CaCO3 increased the onset temperature (Tonset) and maximum degradation temperature (TMax), indicating enhanced thermal stability of the composite. © 2026 The authors. This article is published by IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan, 69162, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Tadulako, Palu, 94118, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, 20221, Indonesia
